嘉兴网站制作,越秀做网站,lnmp 502 wordpress,动漫设计与制作课程VRRP配置学习目的了解网络负载均衡的功能和作用理解VRRP协议的工作原理掌握三层交换环境单组VRRP的配置方法掌握VRRP认证配置方法掌握VRRP跟踪接口的配置方法掌握使用VRRP实现负载均衡的配置方法拓扑图场景你是公司的网络管理员。当前的网络中有两个用户。用R2、R3标注为公司用… VRRP配置学习目的了解网络负载均衡的功能和作用理解VRRP协议的工作原理掌握三层交换环境单组VRRP的配置方法掌握VRRP认证配置方法掌握VRRP跟踪接口的配置方法掌握使用VRRP实现负载均衡的配置方法拓扑图 场景 你是公司的网络管理员。当前的网络中有两个用户。用R2、R3标注为公司用户。R1使用回环口模拟为Internet服务器。此时网络中有两个网关为实现冗余。现在使用VRRP来实现冗余。学习任务步骤一.基本配置与IP编址 在实验之前需要关闭部分设备接口避免影响本次实验。 本次实验需要关闭S1的G0/0/9、G0/0/13和G0/0/14接口。关闭这些接口之后开始实验配置。 用户网络使用vlan1S1使用vlan2与R1相连S2使用vlan3与R1相连R1配置loopback接口R2、R3作为客户配置IP、缺省网关。 路由器R1模拟为广域网它的回环模拟为广域网中的一台服务器。[Huawei]sysname R1[R1]interface loopback0[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.1.1 24[R1-LoopBack0]interface g0/0/1[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.11.224[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]desc this portconnect to S1-G0/0/1[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 10.0.12.224[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]desc this portconnect to S2-G0/0/2[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qR2是局域网中的一台PC设备使用网段10.0.123.0/24,网关为10.0.123.1.R3是局域网中的另一台PC设备使用网段为10.0.123.0/24,网关为10.0.123.1.交换机S1配置vlan1、2、3接口模式为hybird模式。将接口G0/0/10配置为Trunk接口允许所有vlan通过G0/0/1配置为access类型接口属于vlan2G0/0/2配置为access类型接口属于vlan1.配置vlanif1为vlan1提供网关服务IP地址为10.0.123.2/24;配置vlanif2作为与R1连接的三层接口ip地址为10.0.11.1/24.[Huawei]sysname S1[S1]vlan batch 1 to 3[S1]interface g0/0/10[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port link-typetrunk[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port trunkallow-pass vlan all[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]interface g0/0/1[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-typeaccess[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan2[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-typeaccess[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan1[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface vlanif 1[S1-Vlanif1]ip add 10.0.123.2 24[S1-Vlanif1]interface vlanif 2[S1-Vlanif2]ip add 10.0.11.1 24交换机S2配置vlan1、2、3.接口默认为hybired模式。将接口G0/0/10配置成trunk接口允许所有vlan通过G0/0/2配置为access类型接口属于vlan3G0/0/3配置为access类型接口属于vlan1.配置vlanif1为vlan1提供网关服务IP地址为10.0.123.3/24配置vlanif3作为与R1连接的三层接口IP地址为10.0.12.1/24.[Huawei]sysname S2[S2]vlan batch 1 to 3[S2]interface g0/0/10[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port link-typetrunk[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port trunkallow-pass vlan all[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]interface g0/0/2[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-typeaccess[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan3[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g0/0/3[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-typeaccess[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan1[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]interface vlanif 1[S2-Vlanif1]ip add 10.0.123.3 24[S2-Vlanif1]interface vlanif 3[S2-Vlanif3]ip add 10.0.12.1 24 配置完成后测试直连链路的连通性在S2上测试其于S1、R1、R2、R3之间的联通行。使用ping命令测试加上参数“-c 1”代表一个ping包进行测试。默认连续发送5个。[S2]ping -c 1 10.0.12.2 PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl255 time90 ms ---10.0.12.2 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 90/90/90 ms [S2]ping -c 1 10.0.123.2 PING 10.0.123.2: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl255 time50 ms ---10.0.123.2 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 50/50/50 ms [S2]ping -c 1 10.0.123.4 PING 10.0.123.4: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.123.4: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl128 time70 ms ---10.0.123.4 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 70/70/70 ms [S2]ping -c 1 10.0.123.5 PING 10.0.123.5: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.123.5: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl128 time10 ms ---10.0.123.5 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 10/10/10 ms步骤二.配置OSPF路由协议实现s1、S2、R1之间的路由联通[S1]ospf 1.[S1-ospf-1]area 0[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.00.255.255.255[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q[S1-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 1 [S2]ospf 1[S2-ospf-1]area 0[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.00.255.255.255[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q[S2-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 1 [R1]ospf 1[R1-ospf-1]area 0[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.00.255.255.255配置完成后稍等片刻等待网络收敛后测试网络的连通性。[S2]ping -c 1 10.0.11.1 PING 10.0.11.1: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.11.1: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl254 time60 ms ---10.0.11.1 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 60/60/60 ms[S2]ping -c 1 10.0.1.1 PING 10.0.1.1: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl255 time50 ms ---10.0.1.1 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-tripmin/avg/max 50/50/50 ms [S2]ping -c 1 10.0.12.2 PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes,press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes56 Sequence1 ttl255 time60 ms ---10.0.12.2 ping statistics --- 1packet(s) transmitted 1packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max 60/60/60 ms步骤三.配置VRRP实现网关冗余 S1配置VRRP使用VRRP组1默认优先级为100实验中定义为105.[S1]interface vlanif 1[S1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip10.0.123.1[S1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 105 [S2]interface vlanif 1[S2-Vlanif1]vrrp vri [S2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 vir[S2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip10.0.123.1 配置完成后在R2和R3上测试他们与模拟的Internet服务器之间的通讯是否正常。 在S1上查看VRRP当前的状态信息。[S1]disp vrrp Vlanif1 | Virtual Router 1 State : Master Virtual IP : 10.0.123.1 Master IP : 10.0.123.2 PriorityRun : 105 PriorityConfig : 105 MasterPriority : 105 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 s TimerRun : 1 s TimerConfig : 1 s Auth type : NONE Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101 Check TTL : YES Config type : normal-vrrp Create time : 2014-07-03 11:58:33 UTC-08:00Last change time: 2014-07-03 11:58:37 UTC-08:00当前R2与R3都是通过S1将数据包发送至internet的。关闭S1的vlanif 1接口然后测试网络是否正常切换。[S1]interface vlanif 1[S1-Vlanif1]shutdown 在R2与R3上测试他们与模拟Internet服务器之间的通讯是否正常。 此时相当于S1设备停止工作查看S1与S2的VRRP状态。[S1]disp vrrp Vlanif1 | Virtual Router 1 State : Initialize Virtual IP : 10.0.123.1 Master IP : 0.0.0.0 PriorityRun : 105 PriorityConfig : 105 MasterPriority : 0 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 s TimerRun : 1 s TimerConfig : 1 s Auth type : NONE Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101 Check TTL : YES Config type : normal-vrrp Create time : 2014-07-03 11:58:33 UTC-08:00Last change time: 2014-07-03 12:09:28 UTC-08:00 S2dispvrrp Vlanif1 | Virtual Router 1 State : Master Virtual IP : 10.0.123.1 Master IP : 10.0.123.2 PriorityRun : 100 PriorityConfig : 100 MasterPriority : 100 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 s TimerRun : 1 s TimerConfig : 1 s Auth type : NONE Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101 Check TTL : YES Config type : normal-vrrp Create time : 2014-07-03 12:01:18 UTC-08:00 Last change time : 2014-07-03 12:01:21UTC-08:00步骤四.跟踪接口状态 重新打开S1的vlanif1接口并配置S1、S2踪它们的G0/0/1、G0/0/2接口。[S1]interfacevlanif 1[S1-Vlanif1]undoshutdown 查看S1的vrrp状态。[S1]displ vrrp Vlanif1 | Virtual Router 1 State : Master Virtual IP : 10.0.123.1 Master IP : 10.0.123.2 PriorityRun : 105 PriorityConfig : 105 MasterPriority : 105 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 s TimerRun : 1 s TimerConfig : 1 s Auth type : NONE Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101 Check TTL : YES Config type : normal-vrrp Create time : 2014-07-03 11:58:33 UTC-08:00 Last change time : 2014-07-03 12:21:05UTC-08:00 此时R2与R3通过S1发送数据给internet。如果关闭S1的G0/0/1接口或关闭R1的G0/0/1接口网络将无法自动切换到通过S2发送数据给internet。 关闭S1的G0/0/1接口[S1]interfaceg0/0/1[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown[S1]dis vrrp briefVRID State Interface Type Virtual IP ----------------------------------------------------------------1 Master Vlanif1 Normal 10.0.123.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------Total:1 Master:1 Backup:0 Non-active:0注使用brief参数可以显示简略信息。测试R2与internet的连通性。显示无法正常通信重新打开S1的G0/0/1接口[S1]interfaceg0/0/1[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undoshutdownS1和S2上配置VRRP的接口跟踪定义跟踪G0/0/1接口如果接口被关闭则由此岸及降低10.这样的情况下S2将抢占S1的VRRP主角色[S1]interfacevlanif 1[S1-Vlanif1]vrrpvrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 10 [S2]interfacevlanif 1[S2-Vlanif1]vrrpvrid 1 track interface g0/0/2 reduced 10此时测试网络的连通性。网络正常时R2可以与internet服务器通信。关闭S1的G0/0/1接口[S1]interfaceg0/0/1[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown测试R2与internet服务器之间的连通性。通讯依然正常查看S1的vrrp状态。[S1]dis vrrp Vlanif1 | Virtual Router 1 State : Backup Virtual IP : 10.0.123.1 Master IP : 10.0.123.3 PriorityRun : 95 PriorityConfig : 105 MasterPriority : 100 Preempt : YES Delay Time : 0 s TimerRun : 1 s TimerConfig : 1 s Auth type : NONE Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101 Check TTL : YES Config type : normal-vrrp Track IF :GigabitEthernet0/0/1 Priority reduced :10 IF state : DOWN Create time : 2014-07-03 11:58:33 UTC-08:00 Last change time : 2014-07-03 14:58:38UTC-08:00 转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/1054054/1434990
