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目的#xff1a;解决微服务调用问题。如何从微服务A调用微服务B提供的接口。
特性#xff1a;
声明式语法#xff0c;简化接口调用代码开发。像调用本地方法一样调用其他微服务中的接口。集成了Eureka服务发现#xff0c;可以从注册中心中发现微服务。集成了Spring…概述
目的解决微服务调用问题。如何从微服务A调用微服务B提供的接口。
特性
声明式语法简化接口调用代码开发。像调用本地方法一样调用其他微服务中的接口。集成了Eureka服务发现可以从注册中心中发现微服务。集成了Spring Cloud LoadBalancer提供客户端负载均衡。从调用发起方控制微服务调用的请求时间防止服务雪崩。
使用Feign进行微服务调用 dependencygroupIdorg.springframework.cloud/groupIdartifactIdspring-cloud-starter-openfeign/artifactId/dependency导入依赖 !-- springboot web start --dependencygroupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupIdartifactIdspring-boot-starter-web/artifactId/dependency!-- 引入nacos 注册中心依赖 注册服务 --dependencygroupIdcom.alibaba.cloud/groupIdartifactIdspring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery/artifactId/dependencydependencygroupIdcom.qf/groupIdartifactIdcommon/artifactId/dependency!-- feign--dependencygroupIdorg.springframework.cloud/groupIdartifactIdspring-cloud-starter-openfeign/artifactId/dependency!-- 引入nacos配置中心依赖 --dependencygroupIdcom.alibaba.cloud/groupIdartifactIdspring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config/artifactId/dependency/dependenciesyml文件
spring:application:name: feign-demo #跟配置的前缀名字cloud:nacos:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848config:file-extension: yamlprofiles:active: dev #跟配置的后缀 设备名匹配
logging:level:com.qf.feignconsumer.feign.UserFeignClient: debug
server:port: 9090
feign:client:config:default:# 建立连接的超时时间connectTimeout: 5000# 发送请求后等待接口响应结果的超时时间readTimeout: 3000创建FeignClient接口
package com.qf.feignconsumer.feign;import com.qf.common.entity.User;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.util.List;FeignClient(service-user)
public interface UserFeignClient {/*** 注意如果少加了RequestParam会抛出如下异常* Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Method has too many Body parameters* param pagenum* param pagesize* return* throws InterruptedException*/GetMapping(/user/page)public ListUser getUserByPage(RequestParam(pagenum) Integer pagenum,RequestParam(pagesize)Integer pagesize) throws InterruptedException;GetMapping(/user/getall)public ListUser getAll();PostMapping(/user/update)public User updateUser(RequestBody User user);DeleteMapping(/user/delete/{id})public User deleteUser(PathVariable(id) Integer id);}
使用主启动类
package com.qf.feignconsumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;SpringBootApplication
EnableDiscoveryClient//注册到nacos中
EnableFeignClients//注意使用feign时 需要添加该注解
public class FeignApp9090 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(FeignApp9090.class,args);}
}
FeignController
package com.qf.feignconsumer.controller;import com.qf.common.entity.User;
import com.qf.common.vo.ResultVo;
import com.qf.feignconsumer.feign.ProviderFeigngClient;
import com.qf.feignconsumer.feign.UserFeignClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.List;RestController
public class FeignController {AutowiredUserFeignClient userFeignClient;AutowiredProviderFeigngClient providerFeigngClient;GetMapping(/u/test4)public ResultVo utest4() throws InterruptedException {ListUser userByPage userFeignClient.getUserByPage(1, 2);return ResultVo.ok(1,ok,userByPage);}GetMapping(/echo)public ResultVo echo(String msg){String echo providerFeigngClient.echo(msg);return ResultVo.ok(1,asd,echo);}GetMapping(/u/test1)public ResultVo utest1(){//使用feignclient发起微服务用ListUser users userFeignClient.getAll();System.out.println(users);return ResultVo.ok(1,ok,users);}GetMapping(/u/test2)public ResultVo utest2(){//使用feignclient发起微服务用System.out.println(utest2);User user new User(100, luffy, 123);User user1 userFeignClient.updateUser(user);return ResultVo.ok(1,ok,user1);}GetMapping(/u/test3)public ResultVo utest3(){//使用feignclient发起微服务用System.out.println(utest3);User user1 userFeignClient.deleteUser(100);return ResultVo.ok(1,ok,user1);}}
日志配置类
package com.qf.feignconsumer.config;import feign.Logger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;Configuration
public class FeignConfig {Beanpublic Logger.Level liver(){/** NONE默认的不显示任何日志* BASIC仅记录请求方法、RUL、响应状态码及执行时间* HEADERS除了BASIC中定义的信息之外还有请求和响应的头信息* FULL除了HEADERS中定义的信息之外还有请求和响应的正文及元数据*/return Logger.Level.FULL;}
}
提供服务方的controller
package com.qf.userprovider.controller;import com.qf.common.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;RestController
RequestMapping(/user)
public class UserController {GetMapping(/page)public ListUser getUserByPage(RequestParam(pagenum) Integer pagenum,RequestParam(pagesize)Integer pagesize) throws InterruptedException {User user new User(1, zhangsan1, 1234567);User user2 new User(2, lisi, 12345);Thread.sleep(5000);ListUser users Arrays.asList(user, user2);return users;}GetMapping(/getall)public ListUser getAll(){User user1 new User(1, zhangsan, 12345677);User user2 new User(2, lisi, asdasdaas);ListUser users Arrays.asList(user1, user2);return users;}PostMapping(/update)public User updateUser(RequestBody User user){System.out.println(user);//根据id更新用户user.setPassword(88889888);return user;}DeleteMapping(/delete/{id})public User deleteUser(PathVariable(id) Integer id){System.out.println(要删除用户的idid);//去数据库里删除User luffy new User(id, luffy, 12345);return luffy;}}
Feign负载均衡
注册中心中观察发现Micro1微服务在Eureka注册中心中有两个服务节点 当发起feign调用时究竟调用的是哪个节点呢
RestController
RequestMapping(/user)
public class UserController {Value(${server.port})String port;GetMapping(/findAll)ListUser findAll(){System.out.println(port);try {TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}ListUser users Arrays.asList(new User(1,zhangsan, 123456, 29), new User(2,lisi, 12345, 19));return users;}}Feign使用的是轮询负载均衡算法当有多个节点时采用轮询的方式依次调用。
Feign调用超时时间设置
feign:client:config:default:# 建立连接的超时时间connectTimeout: 5000# 发送请求后等待接口响应结果的超时时间readTimeout: 10000将微服务的接口响应时间延长观察接口调用超时抛异常 GetMapping(/findAll)ListUser findAll(){System.out.println(port);try {TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}ListUser users Arrays.asList(new User(1,zhangsan, 123456, 29), new User(2,lisi, 12345, 19));return users;}添加全局异常处理
RestControllerAdvice
public class ExHandler {ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)public String handleEx(Exception e){return e.getMessage();}}Feign配置日志
添加一个配置类
Configuration
public class FeignConfig {Beanpublic Logger.Level liver(){/** NONE默认的不显示任何日志* BASIC仅记录请求方法、RUL、响应状态码及执行时间* HEADERS除了BASIC中定义的信息之外还有请求和响应的头信息* FULL除了HEADERS中定义的信息之外还有请求和响应的正文及元数据*/return Logger.Level.FULL;}
}yml文件中为FeignClient接口配置日志级别
logging:level:com.qf.feign.XXXClient: debug
