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1.基础存储的分类#xff1a;
分类说明EmptyDirEmptyDir是在Pod被分配到Node时创建的#xff0c;无须手动指定#xff0c;当Pod销毁时#xff0c; EmptyDir中的数据也会被永久删除HostPathHostPath就是将Node主机中一个实际目录挂载到Po…1.k8s数据存储的分类
1.基础存储的分类
分类说明EmptyDirEmptyDir是在Pod被分配到Node时创建的无须手动指定当Pod销毁时 EmptyDir中的数据也会被永久删除HostPathHostPath就是将Node主机中一个实际目录挂载到Pod中保证Pod销毁了但是数据依旧可以存在于Node主机上NFSNFS是一个网络文件存储系统解决了节点故障数据异常的问题
2.高级存储
分类说明PVPersistent Volume是持久化卷的意思是对底层的共享存储的一种抽象PV相似于卷组存储池PVCPersistent Volume Claim是持久卷声明的意思用户对于存储需求的一种声明PVC如同在卷组中划分出的逻辑卷
3.高级存储的分类
分类说明ConfigMapConfigMap是一种比较特殊的存储卷它的主要作用是用来存储配置信息的明文保存Secret它主要用于存储敏感信息例如密码、秘钥、证书等等可加密保存 2.基础存储-hostpath
1.创建mysql的yaml文件
cat eof mysql.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1 # 通过kubectl explain deployment命令查看版本
kind: Deployment # 资源类型
metadata:name: mysql-deployment # 资源名称namespace: mysql # 指定命名空间
spec:replicas: 1 # 控制器下的pod数selector:matchLabels:app: mysql # 这是控制器用来控制pod的标签template:metadata:labels:app: mysql # pod的标签spec:containers:- name: mysql # 容器名image: mysql:8.0.20 # 容器镜像env: # mysql环境参数- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD # 指定ROOT用户密码value: 你的密码ports: # 容器暴露的端口- name: mysqlcontainerPort: 3306volumeMounts: # 容器内的被挂载目录- name: mysql-datamountPath: /var/lib/mysql- name: mysql-configmountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.dvolumes: # 声明volume宿主机目录 name为logs-volume- name: mysql-datahostPath:path: /root/mysql/datatype: DirectoryOrCreate # 目录存在就使用不存在就先创建后使用- name: mysql-confighostPath:path: /root/mysql/conftype: DirectoryOrCreate # 目录存在就使用不存在就先创建后使用
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-nodeportnamespace: mysql
spec:selector:app: mysql # 服务通过此标签连接deployment资源来暴露端口type: NodePort # 服务类型NodePortports: # 不指定NodePort端口就会自动分配(默认的取值范围是30000-32767)- protocol: TCPport: 3306targetPort: 3306
eof
2.创建mysq应用
kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
3.查看pod
[rootmaster mysql]# kubectl get deployment,pod,svc -n mysql -o wide
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
deployment.apps/mysql-deployment 1/1 1 1 7m57s
deployment.apps/nginx 1/1 1 1 15dNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/mysql-deployment-b68b5b8bc-jps5c 1/1 Running 0 7m57s
pod/nginx-6867cdf567-phn5l 1/1 Running 1 148mNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 none 443/TCP 15d
service/mysql-nodeport NodePort 10.98.118.107 none 3306:30160/TCP 7m57s
service/nginx NodePort 10.103.194.224 none 80:30105/TCP 15d
4.远程连接
[rootlocalhost ~]# mysql -h192.168.174.30 -P30160 -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.mysql 3.基础存储-nfs服务器
1.安装nfs服务器
master节点上 使配置生效 exportfs -r 将共享目录以读写权限暴露给192.168.174.0/24网段中的所有主机 cat eof /etc/exports
/root/nfs/mysql 192.168.174.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)
eof 启动nfs服务 systemctl enable nfs-server;systemctl restart nfs-server 准备一个共享目录 mkdir -p /root/nfs/mysql -pv;chmod orwx /root/nfs/mysql 在master上安装nfs服务 yum install nfs-utils -y node节点 接下来要在的每个node节点上都安装下nfs这样的目的是为了node节点可以驱动nfs设备 yum install nfs-utils -y systemctl enable nfs-server;systemctl restart nfs-server
2.创建mysql的yaml文件
cat eof mysql.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1 # 通过kubectl explain deployment命令查看版本
kind: Deployment # 资源类型
metadata:name: mysql-deployment # 资源名称namespace: mysql # 指定命名空间
spec:replicas: 1 # 控制器下的pod数selector:matchLabels:app: mysql # 这是控制器用来控制pod的标签template:metadata:labels:app: mysql # pod的标签spec:containers:- name: mysql # 容器名image: mysql:8.0.20 # 容器镜像env: # mysql环境参数- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD # 指定ROOT用户密码value: 你的密码ports: # 容器暴露的端口- name: mysqlcontainerPort: 3306volumeMounts: # 容器内的被挂载目录- name: mysql-datamountPath: /var/lib/mysqlvolumes: # 声明volume宿主机目录 name为logs-volume- name: mysql-datanfs:server: 192.168.174.30 # nfs服务器地址# /root/nfs/mysql是共享目录data是创建的一个目录用来存储mysql数据 path: /root/nfs/mysql/data # 共享文件路径(服务器地址)
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-nodeportnamespace: mysql
spec:selector:app: mysql # 服务通过此标签连接deployment资源来暴露端口type: NodePort # 服务类型NodePortports: # 不指定NodePort端口就会自动分配(默认的取值范围是30000-32767)- protocol: TCPport: 3306targetPort: 3306
eof
3.创建mysq应用
kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
4.查看pod
[rootmaster ~]# kubectl get deployment,pod,svc -n mysql -o wide
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
deployment.apps/mysql-deployment 1/1 1 1 3m17s mysql mysql:8.0.20 appmysqlNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/mysql-deployment-5fb47b585b-k7bdm 1/1 Running 0 3m17s 10.244.2.9 node2 none noneNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/mysql-nodeport NodePort 10.99.39.122 none 3306:31819/TCP 3m17s appmysql
5.查看master节点上的目录
pod所在node节点是没有目录的直接使用nfs服务器的目录
[rootmaster ~]# ll nfs/mysql/data/
total 181696
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 56 Nov 29 05:20 auto.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 912 Nov 29 05:20 binlog.000001
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 16 Nov 29 05:20 binlog.index
-rw------- 1 polkitd input 1680 Nov 29 05:20 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd input 1112 Nov 29 05:20 ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd input 1112 Nov 29 05:20 client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 polkitd input 1680 Nov 29 05:20 client-key.pem
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 196608 Nov 29 05:20 #ib_16384_0.dblwr
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 8585216 Nov 29 05:20 #ib_16384_1.dblwr
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 5498 Nov 29 05:20 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Nov 29 05:20 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 50331648 Nov 29 05:20 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 50331648 Nov 29 05:20 ib_logfile1
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 12582912 Nov 29 05:20 ibtmp1
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd input 187 Nov 29 05:20 #innodb_temp
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd input 143 Nov 29 05:20 mysql
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 29360128 Nov 29 05:20 mysql.ibd
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd input 8192 Nov 29 05:20 performance_schema
-rw------- 1 polkitd input 1680 Nov 29 05:20 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd input 452 Nov 29 05:20 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 polkitd input 1112 Nov 29 05:20 server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 polkitd input 1680 Nov 29 05:20 server-key.pem
drwxr-x--- 2 polkitd input 28 Nov 29 05:20 sys
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 10485760 Nov 29 05:20 undo_001
-rw-r----- 1 polkitd input 11534336 Nov 29 05:20 undo_002
6.远程连接
[rootlocalhost ~]# mysql -h192.168.174.30 -P30160 -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.mysql 4.高级存储-PV和PVC
1.安装nfs服务器
master节点上 使配置生效 exportfs -r 将共享目录以读写权限暴露给192.168.174.0/24网段中的所有主机 cat eof /etc/exports
/root/nfs/mysql 192.168.174.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)
eof 启动nfs服务 systemctl enable nfs-server;systemctl restart nfs-server 准备一个共享目录 mkdir -p /root/nfs/mysql -pv;chmod orwx /root/nfs/mysql 在master上安装nfs服务 yum install nfs-utils -y node节点 接下来要在的每个node节点上都安装下nfs这样的目的是为了node节点可以驱动nfs设备 yum install nfs-utils -y systemctl enable nfs-server;systemctl restart nfs-server
2.创建pv
cat eof pv1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:name: pv1
spec:capacity: # 存储能力目前只支持存储空间的设置storage: 3GiaccessModes: # 访问模式读写权限可以被多个节点挂载- ReadWriteManypersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain # 回收策略nfs: path: /root/nfs/mysql/data # 这里的路径必须和nfs服务器配置文件中的某一个一致server: 192.168.174.30 # nfs服务器地址
eof
kubectl apply -f pv1.yaml
3.创建mysql的yaml文件
cat eof mysql.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:name: mysql-pvcnamespace: mysql
spec:accessModes: # 访问模式读写权限可以被多个节点挂载- ReadWriteManyresources:requests:storage: 1Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1 # 通过kubectl explain deployment命令查看版本
kind: Deployment # 资源类型
metadata:name: mysql-deployment # 资源名称namespace: mysql # 指定命名空间
spec:replicas: 3 # 控制器下的pod数selector:matchLabels:app: mysql # 这是控制器用来控制pod的标签template:metadata:labels:app: mysql # pod的标签spec:containers:- name: mysql # 容器名image: mysql:8.0.20 # 容器镜像env: # mysql环境参数- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD # 指定ROOT用户密码value: 你的密码ports: # 容器暴露的端口- name: mysqlcontainerPort: 3306volumeMounts: # 容器内的被挂载目录- name: mysql-datamountPath: /var/lib/mysqlvolumes:- name: mysql-datapersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: mysql-pvcreadOnly: false
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-nodeportnamespace: mysql
spec:selector:app: mysql # 服务通过此标签连接deployment资源来暴露端口type: NodePort # 服务类型NodePortports: # 不指定NodePort端口就会自动分配(默认的取值范围是30000-32767)- protocol: TCPport: 3306targetPort: 3306
eof
4.创建mysq应用
kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
5.查看pod
[rootmaster ~]# kubectl get deployment,pod,svc,pvc -n mysql -o wide
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
deployment.apps/mysql-deployment 3/3 3 3 3m4s mysql mysql:8.0.20 appmysqlNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/mysql-deployment-574486b789-l9f4h 1/1 Running 0 3m4s 10.244.2.14 node2 none none
pod/mysql-deployment-574486b789-ng4x8 1/1 Running 0 3m4s 10.244.1.6 node1 none none
pod/mysql-deployment-574486b789-sqsll 1/1 Running 2 3m4s 10.244.2.13 node2 none noneNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/mysql-nodeport NodePort 10.105.41.7 none 3306:30165/TCP 3m4s appmysqlNAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE VOLUMEMODE
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-pvc Bound pv1 3Gi RWX 3m4s Filesystem
[rootmaster ~]# kubectl get pv -o wide
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE VOLUMEMODE
pv1 3Gi RWX Retain Bound mysql/mysql-pvc 4m Filesystem
6.远程连接
[rootlocalhost ~]# mysql -h192.168.174.30 -P30165 -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.mysql
