做竞价网站需要什么样的空间,广西桂林公司,太原网站建设网格未来,烟台市住房和规划建设管理局网站DRF视图组件(2个视图基类、5个视图扩展类、9个视图子类、视图集和路由映射) 目录 DRF视图组件(2个视图基类、5个视图扩展类、9个视图子类、视图集和路由映射)2个视图基类mixins的5个视图扩展类generics的9个视图子类视图集自定制返回格式自动生成路由(SimpleRouter)action装饰器…DRF视图组件(2个视图基类、5个视图扩展类、9个视图子类、视图集和路由映射) 目录 DRF视图组件(2个视图基类、5个视图扩展类、9个视图子类、视图集和路由映射)2个视图基类mixins的5个视图扩展类generics的9个视图子类视图集自定制返回格式自动生成路由(SimpleRouter)action装饰器 2个视图基类
原APIView写法
from rest_framework.views import APIViewclass publish(APIView):def get(self, request):publish_obj models.Publish.objects.all()serializer PublishSerializer(instancepublish_obj, manyTrue)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: serializer.data})def post(self, request):serializer PublishSerializer(datarequest.data)if serializer.is_valid():serializer.save()return Response({code: 200, msg: 添加成功, result: serializer.data})else:return Response({code: 900, msg: serializer.errors})class publish_detail(APIView):def get(self, request, u_id):publish_obj models.Publish.objects.get(idu_id)serializer PublishSerializer(instancepublish_obj)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: serializer.data})def delete(self, request, u_id):passdef put(self, request, u_id):publish_obj models.Author.objects.filter(pku_id).first()# 改对象必须传data和instanceserializer PublishSerializer(instancepublish_obj, datarequest.data)if serializer.is_valid():serializer.save()return Response({code: 200, msg: 修改成功, result: serializer.data})else:return Response({code: 201, msg: serializer.errors})GenericAPIView类改写
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIViewclass publish(GenericAPIView):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerdef get(self, request):publish_obj self.get_queryset()serializer self.get_serializer(instancepublish_obj, manyTrue)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: serializer.data})def post(self, request):serializer self.get_serializer(datarequest.data)if serializer.is_valid():serializer.save()return Response({code: 200, msg: 添加成功, result: serializer.data})else:return Response({code: 900, msg: serializer.errors})class publish_detail(GenericAPIView):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerdef get(self, request, pk):publish_obj self.get_object()serializer self.get_serializer(instancepublish_obj)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: serializer.data})def delete(self, request, pk):self.get_object().delete()return Response({code: 200, msg: 删除成功})def put(self, request, pk):publish_obj self.get_object()# 改对象必须传data和instanceserializer self.get_serializer(instancepublish_obj, datarequest.data)if serializer.is_valid():serializer.save()return Response({code: 200, msg: 修改成功, result: serializer.data})else:return Response({code: 201, msg: serializer.errors})queryset models.Publish.objects.all()查询所有数据serializer_class PublishSerializer获取序列化类本文未展示publish_obj self.get_queryset()获取所有数据serializer self.get_serializer(instancepublish_obj, manyTrue)使用定义好的序列化类self.get_object()这里不需要传入pk直接用它定义好的方法但是它默认识别的只有pk取其他名会报错
mixins的5个视图扩展类 CreateModelMixin新增 ListModelMixin查询所有 DestroyModelMixin删除单条 UpdateModelMixin修改单条 RetrieveModelMixin查询单条
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, \UpdateModelMixinclass publish(GenericAPIView, CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerdef get(self, request):res super().list(request)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: res.data})def post(self, request):res super().create(request)print(type(res))return Response({code: 200, msg: 添加成功, result: res.data})class publish_detail(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerdef get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):res super().retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)return Response({code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: res.data})def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):res super().destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)return Response({code: 200, msg: 删除成功})def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):res super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)return Response({code: 200, msg: 修改成功, result: res.data})res super().list(request)调用ListModelMixin类中的list方法可以省去查询数据和序列化的书写下面的都一样注res是一个 Response 实例而不是一个序列化器实例因此对返回值调用 .is_valid()之类的方法会报AttributeError
generics的9个视图子类
CreateAPIView新增DestroyAPIView删除ListAPIView查询所有ListCreateAPIView查询所有和新增的合并RetrieveAPIView查询单个RetrieveDestroyAPIView查询单个和删除的合并RetrieveUpdateAPIView查询单个和修改的合并RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView查询单个、修改和删除的合并UpdateAPIView修改
from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIViewclass publish(ListCreateAPIView):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerclass publish_detail(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializer视图集
# views.py
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSetclass publish(ModelViewSet):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializer# urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app import viewsurlpatterns [path(publish/, views.publish.as_view({get: list, post: create})),path(publish/str:pk/, views.publish.as_view({get: retrieve, put: update, delete: destroy})),
]此时就不需要再分一个publish_detail类了ModelviewSet已经帮你把五个接口全部写好了只需在路由层添加映射get: list表示遇到get请求时执行list方法其他的也是
自定制返回格式 不管是视图子类还是视图集需要自定制返回字段时只需重写所需方法就行 例如我要自定制查询所有的返回值就重写list
class publish(ListCreateAPIView):queryset models.Publish.objects.all()serializer_class PublishSerializerdef list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):res super().list(request, *args, **kwargs)res.data {code: 200, msg: 查询成功, result: res.data}return Response(res.data)res.data默认返回的是一个包含多个字典的列表
自动生成路由(SimpleRouter)
# urls.py
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter
from app import views# 实例对象
router SimpleRouter()
# 将publish类注册最左边的publish为浏览器输入的路由最右边的publish是别名
router.register(publish, views.publish, publish)urlpatterns [
]
# 将注册好的路由添加进urlpatterns现在得到的路由其实就是http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/调用的视图类是publish并且pk它也会自动帮你写好
与SimpleRouter类似的还有DefaultRouter他俩基本用法完全一致唯一不同的是DefaultRouter会返回一个根路径
SimpleRouter DefaultRouter 点进Api Root后可以看到它返回了一个根路径
{publish: http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/
}action装饰器
SimpleRouter自动生成路由后有一个弊端就是当绑定的类中没有get\path这种方法名时会注册失败
例如我现在有一个login方法我想让他接受get请求实现查询单个的功能要,只需在上面价加个action装饰器
# views.py
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.decorators import actionclass publish(ModelViewSet):action(methods[GET], detailFalse)def login(self, request)action参数(methodsNone, detailNone, url_pathNone, url_nameNone, **kwargs):
methods包含被允许的请求方法detail指定是否需要提供对象的详细信息url_path指定自定义的 URL 路径url_name指定自定义的 URL 名称
