建网站需要哪些硬件,受欢迎的做网站,住房建设厅官网,宽创国际的展馆设计案例RestTemplate、WebClient与HttpInterface
SpringBoot中集成了很多轻量级的Http客户端
RestTemplate:普通开发WebClient:响应式编程开发HttpInterface:声明式编程
响应式编程介绍
响应式编程#xff08;Reactive Programming#xff09;是一种编程范式#xff0c;用于处理…RestTemplate、WebClient与HttpInterface
SpringBoot中集成了很多轻量级的Http客户端
RestTemplate:普通开发WebClient:响应式编程开发HttpInterface:声明式编程
响应式编程介绍
响应式编程Reactive Programming是一种编程范式用于处理异步数据流和事件流。它基于观察者模式和函数式编程的概念通过使用流Stream或者事件Event来处理数据的变化和交互。
在响应式编程中数据流被看作是一个连续的时间序列程序可以订阅这个数据流并对数据的变化做出相应的处理。当数据发生变化时程序会自动更新相关的操作而无需手动干预。
响应式编程具有以下特点 响应式能够对数据流中的变化做出及时响应而无需手动触发。 异步能够处理异步操作如网络请求或用户交互。 延迟执行只有在真正需要结果时才会执行相关操作。 可组合性能够将多个操作组合在一起形成复杂的数据流处理逻辑。 错误处理能够处理异常和错误并提供相应的处理机制。
响应式编程在很多场景下都具有优势例如用户界面的响应性、数据流的处理和分析等。
RestTemplate与WebClient区别
RestTemplate采用同步阻塞的方式运行WebClient采用异步非阻塞的方式运行只用需要WebClient返会的结果时对应的方法才会执行
使用WebClient
引入依赖
dependencygroupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupIdartifactIdspring-boot-starter-webflux/artifactId/dependency构建业务
Service
public class CityServiceImpl implements CityService {Overridepublic MonoString query(String city) {WebClient webClient WebClient.create();MapString, String param new HashMap();param.put(city, 西安);return webClient.get().uri(https://wttr.in/{city}?langzh, param).accept(MediaType.ALL).retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class);}
}package com.vmware.controller;import com.vmware.service.CityService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;RequestMapping(/city)
RestController
public class CityController {Autowiredprivate CityService cityService;GetMapping(/{city})public MonoString city(PathVariable String city) throws InterruptedException {MonoString mono cityService.query(city);return query;}
}
注意:mono对象被返回之前实际上接口处于未调用状态当返回后延时调用
HttpInterface
介绍:HttpInterfaces是由spring6.0引入的新的http调用方式通过声明接口的方式对http请求进行调用与传统硬编码的方法有所不同依赖于spring-boot-starter-webflux
基本使用
package com.vmware.service;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.service.annotation.GetExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;public interface CityWebClientService {GetExchange(url https://wttr.in/{city}?langzh)MonoString getWeather(PathVariable String city);
}Overridepublic MonoString queryByWebClient(String city) {WebClient client WebClient.builder().baseUrl(https://wttr.in).codecs(clientCodecConfigurer - {clientCodecConfigurer.defaultCodecs().maxInMemorySize(256 * 1024 * 1024);//修改默认的buffer大小}).build();//创建工厂HttpServiceProxyFactory factory HttpServiceProxyFactory.builder(WebClientAdapter.forClient(client)).build();//创建代理对象CityWebClientService service factory.createClient(CityWebClientService.class);return service.getWeather(city);}工程化使用
将WebClient和HttpServiceProxyFactory使用配置类注入到容器中将对应的WebClient请求接口代理后注入到容器中在对应的业务中进行注入WebClient请求接口
package com.vmware.config;import com.vmware.service.CityWebClientService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.support.WebClientAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceProxyFactory;Configuration
public class WebClientConfig {/*** apiNote 配置WebClient* return*/Beanpublic WebClient httpServiceProxyFactory() {return WebClient.builder().codecs(clientCodecConfigurer - {clientCodecConfigurer.defaultCodecs().maxInMemorySize(256 * 1024 * 1024);//修改默认的buffer大小}).build();}/*** apiNote 构建 HttpServiceProxyFactory* param client* return*/Beanpublic HttpServiceProxyFactory factory(WebClient client) {//创建工厂return HttpServiceProxyFactory.builder(WebClientAdapter.forClient(client)).build();}/*** apiNote 代理HttpClient接口* param factory* return*/Beanpublic CityWebClientService cityWebClientService(HttpServiceProxyFactory factory) {return factory.createClient(CityWebClientService.class);}
}package com.vmware.service.impl;import com.vmware.service.CityService;
import com.vmware.service.CityWebClientService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.support.WebClientAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.service.invoker.HttpServiceProxyFactory;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;Service
public class CityServiceImpl implements CityService {Autowiredprivate CityWebClientService cityWebClientService;Overridepublic MonoString queryByWebClient2(String city) {return cityWebClientService.getWeather(city);}
}
