查询网站所有死链接,徐州网络排名优化,火车头采集wordpress规则,centos7怎么做网站服务器华子目录 容器编排工具docker composecompose介绍compose使用的三个步骤docker-compose.yml文件案例compose具有管理应用程序整个生命周期的命令 docker compose安装安装条件在Linux系统上安装composedocker compose卸载 docker compose运用演示修改compose配置#xff0c;添加… 华子目录 容器编排工具docker composecompose介绍compose使用的三个步骤docker-compose.yml文件案例compose具有管理应用程序整个生命周期的命令 docker compose安装安装条件在Linux系统上安装composedocker compose卸载 docker compose运用演示修改compose配置添加存储卷测试存储卷 docker-compose其他命令实例2docker与docker-compose的区别 容器编排工具docker compose
compose介绍
Docker Compose是一个用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具。它使用yaml文件来配置应用程序的服务然后使用一个命令就可以启动并运行配置的所有服务。Docker Compose非常适合用于开发、测试和部署分布式应用因为它可以管理容器的生命周期使用单个命令就可以启动或停止多个容器。
compose使用的三个步骤
使用dockerfile定义应用程序的环境使用docker-compose.yml定义构成应用程序的服务这样它们可以在隔离环境中一起运行最后执行docker-compose up命令来启动并运行整个应用程序
docker-compose.yml文件案例
version 2
services:web:build:ports:- 5000:5000volumes:- .:/coderedis:image: rediscompose具有管理应用程序整个生命周期的命令
启动停止和重建服务查看正在运行的服务的状态流式传输运行服务的日志输出在服务上运行一次性命令
docker compose安装
安装条件
docker compose依靠docker engine进行有意义的工作因此请确保你已在本地或远程安装docker engine具体取决于你的设置要以非root用户身份运行compose请参考以非root用户身份管理docker安装系统 LinuxMacWindows备用安装选项使用pip安装/安装为容器
在Linux系统上安装compose
1下载安装
在GitHub上查询适合自己的版本https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.26.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64
[rootserver ~]# wget https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.26.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64
[rootserver ~]# mv docker-compose-linux-x86_64 docker-compose
[rootserver ~]# mv docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
[rootserver ~]# chmod x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[rootserver ~]# docker-compose version
Docker Compose version v2.26.0 #显示安装成功通过pip安装
[rootserver ~]# yum install epel-release -y #安装pip需要先安装epel-release包
[rootserver ~]# yum install -y python-pip #安装pip
[rootserver ~]# pip install --upgrade pip #升级pip
[rootserver ~]# pip install docker-compose #安装docker-compose1添加执行权限
[rootserver ~]# chmod x /usr/bin/docker-compose2查看版本
[rootserver ~]# docker-compose --version #查看docker-compose版本docker compose卸载
1正常系统安装卸载
[rootserver ~]# rm -vf /usr/local/bin/docker-compose2pip安装卸载
[rootserver ~]# pip uninstall docker-composedocker compose运用演示
创建compose工作目录
[rootserver ~]# mkdir compose-test
[rootserver ~]# cd compose-test/创建一个app.py文件后面在项目目录中调用文件
[rootserver compose-test]# vim app.py
import time
import redis
from flask import Flaskapp Flask(__name__)
cache redis.Redis(hostredis,port6379)def get_hit_count():retries 5while True:try:return cache.incr(hits)except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:if retries 0:raise excretries - 1time.sleep(0.5)app.route(/)
def hello():count get_hit_count()return Hello world! I have been seen {} times.\n.format(count)if __name__ __main__:app.run(host0.0.0.0,debugTrue)注redis是应用程序网络上redis容器的主机名我们使用redis的默认端口是6379
创建requirements.txt项目目录中调用的另一个文件
[rootserver compose-test]# vim requirements.txt
flask
redis在compose-test目录中创建dockerfile文本
[rootserver compose-test]# vim Dockerfile
FROM python:3.7
WORKDIR /code
ENV FLASK_APP app.py
ENV FLASK_RUN_HOST 0.0.0.0
COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY . .
CMD [flask,run]注
- 从python3.7映射开始构建镜像
- 将工作目录设置为/code
- 设置flask命令使用的环境变量
- 复制requirements.txt并安装python依赖项
- 安装python依赖项
- 将.项目中的当前目录复制到.镜像中的工作目录
- 将容器的默认命令设置为flask run创建docker-compose.yml项目目录中调用的文件
[rootserver compose-test]# vim docker-compose.yml
version: 3
services:web:build: .ports:- 5000:5000redis:image: redis:alpine此compose文件定义了两个服务web和redis该web服务- 使用build指定构建上下文路径.表示利用当前目录中的dockerfile构建应用镜像- 将容器上的公开端口5000转发到主机上的端口5000我们使用Flask Web服务器的默认端口5000- 如果本地不存在该镜像compose将尝试拉取Redis镜像使用compose构建并运行你的应用程序在项目目录中启动应用程序docker-compose up 构建之前可以先将python:3.7和redis:alpine拉取到本地
[rootserver compose-test]# docker pull python:3.7
3.7: Pulling from library/python
0e29546d541c: Pull complete
9b829c73b52b: Pull complete
cb5b7ae36172: Pull complete
6494e4811622: Pull complete
6f9f74896dfa: Pull complete
fcb6d5f7c986: Pull complete
7a72d131c196: Pull complete
c4221d178521: Pull complete
71d5c5b5a91f: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d9abbc0737ff8d23a546859c85903f1b8235a1495a405d5a47cbc55747f27b20
Status: Downloaded newer image for python:3.7
docker.io/library/python:3.7
[rootserver compose-test]# docker pull redis:alpine
alpine: Pulling from library/redis
59bf1c3509f3: Pull complete
719adce26c52: Pull complete
b8f35e378c31: Pull complete
d034517f789c: Pull complete
3772d4d76753: Pull complete
211a7f52febb: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4bed291aa5efb9f0d77b76ff7d4ab71eee410962965d052552db1fb80576431d
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:alpine
docker.io/library/redis:alpine
[rootserver compose-test]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
python 3.7 ad37de9b03ef 2 years ago 903MB
mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 years ago 516MB
redis alpine 3900abf41552 2 years ago 32.4MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose up -d #-d后台运行该服务
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
[] Building 22.1s (10/10) FINISHED docker:default [web internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 221B 0.0s [web internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.7 0.0s [web internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [web 1/5] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.7 0.0s [web internal] load build context 0.0s transferring context: 319B 0.0s CACHED [web 2/5] WORKDIR /code 0.0s [web 3/5] COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt 0.0s [web 4/5] RUN pip install -r requirements.txt 21.5s [web 5/5] COPY . . 0.1s [web] exporting to image 0.4s exporting layers 0.4s writing image sha256:ab305846f0c5b6917a118d6ef17b001317d4a04c15d4 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/compose-test-web 0.0s
[] Running 3/3✔ Network compose-test_default Crea... 0.2s✔ Container compose-test-redis-1 St... 0.2s✔ Container compose-test-web-1 Star... 0.1s浏览器查询http://192.168.80.132:5000进行验证 刷新页面数字增加 另开一个终端查看镜像和容器验证
[rootserver ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
compose-test-web latest ab305846f0c5 17 minutes ago 916MB
python 3.7 ad37de9b03ef 2 years ago 903MB
mysql latest 3218b38490ce 2 years ago 516MB
redis alpine 3900abf41552 2 years ago 32.4MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB[rootserver ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6d70bdd98730 redis:alpine docker-entrypoint.s… 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 6379/tcp compose-test-redis-1
1b02950d60cd compose-test-web flask run 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 0.0.0.0:5000-5000/tcp, :::5000-5000/tcp compose-test-web-1
ea6beb680b7a mysql:latest docker-entrypoint.s… 20 hours ago Exited (255) 32 minutes ago 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
871fe7e0e9a3 ubuntu:latest bash 21 hours ago Exited (255) 32 minutes ago ubuntu关闭服务
在新开的终端docker-compose down或者在启动应用程序的原始终端中按CtrlC来停止应用程序
修改compose配置添加存储卷
[rootserver compose-test]# vim docker-compose.yml
version: 3
services:web:build: .ports:- 5000:5000volumes:- .:/coderedis:image: redis:alpine注将主机的数据卷挂载到容器里测试存储卷
重新启动compose
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose up
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
[] Running 1/0⠋ Container compose-test-web-1 Recreated 0.1s✔ Container compose-test-redis-1 Created 0.0s
Attaching to redis-1, web-1
redis-1 | 1:C 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.920 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
redis-1 | 1:C 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.935 # Redis version6.2.6, bits64, commit00000000, modified0, pid1, just started
redis-1 | 1:C 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.935 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.940 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * Running modestandalone, port6379.
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 # Server initialized
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add vm.overcommit_memory 1 to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command sysctl vm.overcommit_memory1 for this to take effect.
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * Loading RDB produced by version 6.2.6
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * RDB age 236 seconds
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * RDB memory usage when created 0.77 Mb
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 # Done loading RDB, keys loaded: 0, keys expired: 0.
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
redis-1 | 1:M 31 Mar 2024 07:04:14.941 * Ready to accept connections
web-1 | * Serving Flask app app.py
web-1 | * Debug mode: off
web-1 | WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead.
web-1 | * Running on all addresses (0.0.0.0)
web-1 | * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
web-1 | * Running on http://172.19.0.3:5000
web-1 | Press CTRLC to quit在宿主机的存储卷上修改代码
[rootserver compose-test]# vim app.py
import time
import redis
from flask import Flaskapp Flask(__name__)
cache redis.Redis(hostredis,port6379)def get_hit_count():retries 5while True:try:return cache.incr(hits)except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:if retries 0:raise excretries - 1time.sleep(0.5)app.route(/)
def hello():count get_hit_count()return Hello world! I am along! I have been seen {} times.\n.format(count)if __name__ __main__:app.run(host0.0.0.0,debugTrue)重新启动
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose up在浏览器上刷新验证成功
docker-compose其他命令
在后台运行服务-d
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose up -d使用docker-compose ps查看当前正在运行的内容
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose ps
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
NAME IMAGE COMMAND SERVICE CREATED STATUS PORTS
compose-test-redis-1 redis:alpine docker-entrypoint.s… redis 12 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 6379/tcp
compose-test-web-1 compose-test-web flask run web 7 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:5000-5000/tcp, :::5000-5000/tcpdocker-compose run命令允许你为服务运行一次性命令。例如要查看web服务可用的环境变量
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose run web env
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
PATH/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
HOSTNAMEccc93be20d0c
TERMxterm
LANGC.UTF-8
GPG_KEY0D96DF4D4110E5C43FBFB17F2D347EA6AA65421D
PYTHON_VERSION3.7.12
PYTHON_PIP_VERSION21.2.4
PYTHON_SETUPTOOLS_VERSION57.5.0
PYTHON_GET_PIP_URLhttps://github.com/pypa/get-pip/raw/3cb8888cc2869620f57d5d2da64da38f516078c7/public/get-pip.py
PYTHON_GET_PIP_SHA256c518250e91a70d7b20cceb15272209a4ded2a0c263ae5776f129e0d9b5674309
FLASK_APPapp.py
FLASK_RUN_HOST0.0.0.0
HOME/root停止服务
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose stop
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
[] Stopping 2/2✔ Container compose-test-redis-1 Stopped 0.3s✔ Container compose-test-web-1 Stopped 10.4s使用down命令完全删除容器加--volumes参数还可以删除redis容器使用的数据卷
[rootserver compose-test]# docker-compose down --volumes
WARN[0000] /root/compose-test/docker-compose.yml: version is obsolete
[] Running 3/3✔ Container compose-test-web-1 Removed 0.0s✔ Container compose-test-redis-1 Removed 0.0s✔ Network compose-test_default Removed 0.2s[rootserver ~]# docker-compose --helpUsage: docker compose [OPTIONS] COMMANDDefine and run multi-container applications with DockerOptions:--ansi string Control when to print ANSI control characters (never|always|auto) (default auto)--compatibility Run compose in backward compatibility mode--dry-run Execute command in dry run mode--env-file stringArray Specify an alternate environment file-f, --file stringArray Compose configuration files--parallel int Control max parallelism, -1 for unlimited (default -1)--profile stringArray Specify a profile to enable--progress string Set type of progress output (auto, tty, plain, quiet) (default auto)--project-directory string Specify an alternate working directory(default: the path of the, first specified, Compose file)-p, --project-name string Project nameCommands:attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a services running containerbuild Build or rebuild servicesconfig Parse, resolve and render compose file in canonical formatcp Copy files/folders between a service container and the local filesystemcreate Creates containers for a servicedown Stop and remove containers, networksevents Receive real time events from containersexec Execute a command in a running containerimages List images used by the created containerskill Force stop service containerslogs View output from containersls List running compose projectspause Pause servicesport Print the public port for a port bindingps List containerspull Pull service imagespush Push service imagesrestart Restart service containersrm Removes stopped service containersrun Run a one-off command on a servicescale Scale servicesstart Start servicesstats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statisticsstop Stop servicestop Display the running processesunpause Unpause servicesup Create and start containersversion Show the Docker Compose version informationwait Block until the first service container stopswatch Watch build context for service and rebuild/refresh containers when files are updatedRun docker compose COMMAND --help for more information on a command.实例2
以下是一个简单的Docker Compose实例用于部署一个基于Nginx的Web应用程序
首先你需要创建一个docker-compose.yml文件该文件定义了应用程序的服务以及每个服务的配置。在这个例子中我们将定义一个名为web的服务该服务使用Nginx镜像
version: 3
services:web:image: nginxports:- 8080:80volumes:- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf在这个配置中
version: 3指定了Docker Compose文件的版本。services下面定义了我们的服务这里只有一个名为web的服务。image: nginx指定了服务使用的Docker镜像这里是Nginx。ports将主机的8080端口映射到容器的80端口这样我们就可以通过访问主机的8080端口来访问Nginx服务。volumes将当前目录下的nginx.conf文件挂载到容器的/etc/nginx/nginx.conf路径这样我们就可以自定义Nginx的配置。
接下来你需要创建一个自定义的Nginx配置文件nginx.conf例如
server {listen 80;server_name localhost;location / {root /usr/share/nginx/html;index index.html index.htm;try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;}
}这个配置定义了一个监听80端口的服务器并将请求映射到容器的/usr/share/nginx/html目录。try_files指令用于处理单页面应用SPA中的路由问题。
现在你可以将你的Web应用文件例如index.html放在与docker-compose.yml和nginx.conf相同的目录中。
最后运行以下命令来启动你的Web应用程序
docker-compose up -d-d参数表示在后台运行容器。运行此命令后Docker Compose将构建并启动Nginx容器并将你的Web应用文件作为Nginx的根目录。你现在可以通过访问http://localhost:8080来查看你的Web应用程序。
当你需要停止并删除容器时可以使用以下命令
docker-compose downdocker与docker-compose的区别
Docker与Docker Compose的主要区别体现在它们的功能和用途上。 Docker是一个开源的应用容器引擎它允许开发者将应用程序及其依赖打包到一个可移植的容器中然后发布到任何流行的Linux机器上实现虚拟化。每个容器之间完全隔离有自己的文件系统进程不会相互影响能区分计算资源。这种容器化技术解决了运行环境和配置问题方便进行持续集成并有助于整体发布。通过Docker用户可以快速地交付、测试和部署软件同时大大减少了编写代码和在生产环境中运行代码的延迟。 而Docker Compose则是一个用于定义和运行多个容器Docker应用程序的工具。它使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务用户只需通过一个命令就可以从YAML文件配置中创建并启动所有容器服务。这使得管理、运行和扩展多容器Docker应用程序变得更加简单和高效。通过Docker Compose用户可以定义多个容器之间的调用关系同时启动或关闭这些容器而无需手动一个个创建和运行。 总的来说Docker主要用于单个容器的管理而Docker Compose则主要用于定义和运行多个容器的Docker应用程序。它们共同构成了Docker生态系统的重要部分使得应用程序的部署和管理变得更加便捷和高效。
