黄山旅游最佳路线,seo优化关键词0,广州网站推广运营,云服务器建设网站用什么系统很多时候大家为了部署高可用方案都是前端配一个 nginx#xff0c;如果nginx挂掉怎么办#xff0c;比如下面这张图#xff1a;你可以清楚的看到#xff0c;如果 192.168.2.100 这台机器挂掉了#xff0c;那么整个集群就下线了#xff0c;这个问题该怎么解决呢#xff1f;… 很多时候大家为了部署高可用方案都是前端配一个 nginx如果nginx挂掉怎么办比如下面这张图你可以清楚的看到如果 192.168.2.100 这台机器挂掉了那么整个集群就下线了这个问题该怎么解决呢简单的想想确实不大好处理因为你的前端请求总得要访问一个ip地址对吧。。这个问题怎么破呢一问题分析如果你有一些网络底子的话就会明白你给一个不在本网段的机器发送请求的话这个请求会先经过你的网关IP然后通过网关IP传给对方的网关IP然后网关IP会将请求转给它所在局域网的主机当然我的网关IP和对方的网关IP之间可能有很多跳的路由地址大概的流程就是下面这样如果你不信的话可以用 tracert 看看你到 www.ctrip.com 的路由总过程。从上图中可以看到从我当前主机到 ctrip.com 一共有20跳第一条是192.168.2.1这个就是我的路由器IP也就是我的网关IP。二虚拟路由冗余协议好了说了这么多有什么用呢其实大家仔细观察这张图你会想我能不能在网关IP上做一些手脚呢可喜的是如今的路由器基本上都支持一个叫做VRRP虚拟路由冗余协议这一协议的作用你可以理解成把网关IP虚拟化成一个网关IP集群就好像兽族剑圣的镜像技能这里面有master也有slave然后局域网内的主机设置的都是虚拟的masterIPVIP刚好 keepealived 就是一个实现 VRRP 的一款应用程序你需要我专业大家就这样走到一块了。三keepalived搭建一览1. 下载从官网上找到当前最新的版本1.4.2 http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz。配置机器192.168.23.156 【centos】 和 192.168.23.157 【centos】
[rootlocalhost app]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
--2018-03-10 04:04:06-- http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
Resolving www.keepalived.org (www.keepalived.org)... 37.59.63.157, 2001:41d0:8:7a9d::1
Connecting to www.keepalived.org (www.keepalived.org)|37.59.63.157|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 738096 (721K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz’100%[] 738,096 5.24KB/s in 4m 44s
2. 然后把相关依赖装起来yum install -y openssl openssl-devel。
[rootlocalhost app]# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release7archx86_64repoosinfrastock error was
14: curl#52 - Empty reply from server
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/metalink | 7.8 kB 00:00:00
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release7archx86_64repoextrasinfrastock error was
14: curl#52 - Empty reply from server
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:01:10
3. 接下来继续解压最后安装三板斧./configure --prefix/usr/app/keepalived make make install。
[rootlocalhost app]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
[rootlocalhost app]# ls
keepalived-1.4.2 keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz
[rootlocalhost app]# cd keepalived-1.4.2
[rootlocalhost keepalived-1.4.2]# ls
aclocal.m4 bin_install configure COPYING genhash keepalived Makefile.am README.md
ar-lib ChangeLog configure.ac depcomp INSTALL keepalived.spec.in Makefile.in snap
AUTHOR compile CONTRIBUTORS doc install-sh lib missing TODO
[rootlocalhost keepalived-1.4.2]#
[rootlocalhost keepalived-1.4.2]# ./configure --prefix/usr/app/keepalived make make install
安装好了之后你就会看到如下的内容那就恭喜你安装成功了。
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version : 1.4.2
Compiler : gcc
Preprocessor flags :
Compiler flags : -Wall -Wunused -Wstrict-prototypes -Wextra -g -O2 -fPIE -D_GNU_SOURCE
Linker flags : -pie
Extra Lib : -lcrypto -lssl
Use IPVS Framework : Yes
IPVS use libnl : No
IPVS syncd attributes : No
IPVS 64 bit stats : No
fwmark socket support : Yes
Use VRRP Framework : Yes
Use VRRP VMAC : Yes
Use VRRP authentication : Yes
With ip rules/routes : Yes
SNMP vrrp support : No
Build genhash : Yes
Build documentation : No
4. 接下来我们改一下配置文件安装好了之后在/usr/app/keepalived/etc/keepalived 目录下有一个 keepalived.conf文件现在你要做的事情就是将它copy到/etc/keepalived文件夹下,然后在192.168.23.156 机器中的配置文件修改如下
global_defs {notification_email {acassenfirewall.locfailoverfirewall.locsysadminfirewall.loc}notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassenfirewall.locsmtp_server 192.168.200.1smtp_connect_timeout 30router_id NodeAvrrp_skip_check_adv_addrvrrp_strictvrrp_garp_interval 0vrrp_gna_interval 0
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTERinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 150advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.2.200}
}
其中要注意的就是1 priority 150 节点的优先级master要比slave高。2 interface ens33 ens33大家可以通过ipconfig查看一下自己的网卡。
[rootlocalhost ~]# ifconfigens33: flags4163UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST mtu 1500inet 192.168.23.157 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.23.255inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe54:4f5a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20linkether 00:0c:29:54:4f:5a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 10899 bytes 11349012 (10.8 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 5575 bytes 599717 (585.6 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags73UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10hostloop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)RX packets 4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
3 virtual_ipaddress 192.168.23.200设置好虚拟IPVIP为192.168.23.200, 同样的道理在 192.168.23.157 设置如下
global_defs {notification_email {acassenfirewall.locfailoverfirewall.locsysadminfirewall.loc} notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassenfirewall.locsmtp_server 192.168.200.1smtp_connect_timeout 30router_id NodeBvrrp_skip_check_adv_addrvrrp_strictvrrp_garp_interval 0vrrp_gna_interval 0
} vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUPinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 100advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111} virtual_ipaddress {192.168.23.200}
}
6. 接下来就可以启动keepalived了。
[rootlocalhost sbin]# ./keepalived -D
[rootlocalhost sbin]# ps -ef | grep keepalived
root 4661 1 0 05:41 ? 00:00:00 ./keepalived -D
root 4662 4661 0 05:41 ? 00:00:00 ./keepalived -D
root 4663 4661 0 05:41 ? 00:00:00 ./keepalived -D
root 4673 4300 0 05:41 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --colorauto keepalived
五检测通过ip a 看看当前 ens33 网卡上是否绑定了 192.168.23.200 虚拟IP。然后通过 arp -a 查看当前的vip映射到的物理(mac)地址可以看到当前的vip映射到的是 192.168.23.156 上面。
C:\Users\hxcarp -a接口: 192.168.23.1 --- 0x6Internet 地址 物理地址 类型192.168.23.156 00-0c-29-75-7e-20 动态192.168.23.157 00-0c-29-54-4f-5a 动态192.168.23.200 00-0c-29-75-7e-20 动态192.168.23.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 静态224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb 静态224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc 静态239.11.20.1 01-00-5e-0b-14-01 静态239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa 静态255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
然后我们把156这台机器关闭了可以看到当前的vip已经漂移到了157这台机器上了。
C:\Users\hxcarp -a接口: 192.168.23.1 --- 0x6Internet 地址 物理地址 类型192.168.23.156 00-0c-29-75-7e-20 动态192.168.23.157 00-0c-29-54-4f-5a 动态192.168.23.200 00-0c-29-54-4f-5a 动态192.168.23.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 静态224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb 静态224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc 静态239.11.20.1 01-00-5e-0b-14-01 静态239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa 静态255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
好了这个就是本篇所说的所有内容希望对您有帮助。
